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91.
Tutte's 5‐flow conjecture from 1954 states that every bridgeless graph has a nowhere‐zero 5‐flow. It suffices to prove the conjecture for cyclically 6‐edge‐connected cubic graphs. We prove that every cyclically 6‐edge‐connected cubic graph with oddness at most 4 has a nowhere‐zero 5‐flow. This implies that every minimum counterexample to the 5‐flow conjecture has oddness at least 6. 相似文献
92.
通过两阶段灰色聚类模型选择影响经济社会发展水平,基础设施建设,相关产业发展水平以及区域经济基础四个一级指标的10个二级指标来构建区域经济社会发展水平评价指标体系,以2013年新疆14地州市相关数据为样本,运用基于改进的中心点混合三角白化权函数把新疆各地州市从经济社会发展的角度划分成4个区域,为"新丝绸之路经济带"下新疆各地州的经济与社会发展定位提供依据最后找出属于三、四级经济圈内地区经济与社会发展落后的原因并提出相关建议. 相似文献
93.
为了探讨Couette-Taylor流从层流到湍流过渡的方式以及流动发展到湍流之后混沌吸引子的某些特征等问题,采用低模分析方法研究了Couette-Taylor流的部分动力学行为及仿真问题,讨论了Couette-Taylor流三模态类Lorenz型方程组的动力学行为,包括定态的失稳、极限环的出现、分岔与混沌的演变和全局稳定性分析等。通过线性稳定性分析和数值模拟等方法给出了此三维模型分岔与混沌等动力学行为及其演化历程,并借此解释了Couette-Taylor流试验中观察到的部分涡流的演化过程.基于系统的分岔图、Lyapunov指数谱、功率谱、Poincaré(庞加莱)截面和返回映射等揭示了系统混沌行为的普适特征. 相似文献
94.
95.
分析循环取货模式和协同运输问题的关联性,提出了供需节点分离下的多车场一体化协同运输路线优化问题,考虑运输价值和运输成本,引入节点-弧流量的概念,通过比较流量大小确定节点集合,构建了问题的多供应点、多需求点运输模型.考虑取货的单向性和送货的闭合性,构造了求解模型的两阶段算法,运用动态规划的递推解法确定取货最优路线,然后基于余弦定理的几何法求解出发点和返回点不相同的送货路径优化问题,最后通过算例分析,说明了模型的合理性和算法的有效性. 相似文献
96.
José A. Murillo Pulgarín Luisa F. García Bermejo Armando Carrasquero Durán 《Analytical letters》2017,50(1):186-196
This study reports a simple and rapid method for the determination of the antioxidant activity of the phenolics present in plants of the Hibiscus genus. The protocol is based on the ability of the phenolic compounds to inhibit luminol chemiluminescence through the inactivation of free radicals in a flow injection system. Using the optimized operational conditions, the antioxidant activities of several phenolics were measured. The results were explained on the basis of structure–reactivity relationships. The antioxidant activities of dried flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Hibiscus sabdariffa were evaluated. The protocol was validated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-hydrate free radical assay. The differences in the antiradical activities were explained based on the concentrations of total polyphenol and flavonoid concentrations determined by spectrophotometric methods. It was concluded that the chemiluminescence method was complementary for the evaluation of hydrophilic antioxidants in plants. 相似文献
97.
Petr Chocholouš Paweł Świt Joanna Kozak Petr Solich Paweł Kościelniak 《Analytical letters》2017,50(4):617-628
The generalized calibration strategy (GCS), developed and previously applied to chemical analysis, has been adapted to two-component (2C) analysis. According to the 2C-GCS procedure, a set of 10 calibration solutions containing a sample and standards of two analytes in well-defined composition was diluted. The measurements performed at a given dilution stage allow the concentration of both analytes in a sample to be evaluated with six apparent concentrations calculated with various mathematical approaches. As a result, the method allows the detection, examination, and elimination of nonlinear and interference effects with multiplicative and additive characteristics. To perform 2C-GCS automatically and effectively, a dedicated flow sequential injection system was designed to be fully controlled by a computer. Caffeine and paracetamol were determined in synthetic and pharmaceutical samples using this calibration approach. The analytes were determined with good precision and accuracy with low consumption of sample and standard solutions. On the basis of this experimental model, the influence of effects and tendencies in the examined analytical system was detected and evaluated. 相似文献
98.
《Electrophoresis》2017,38(3-4):501-506
With the recent worldwide changes in the legalization of marijuana, there is a significant need for rapid, roadside screening test for driving under the influence of drugs. A robust, sensitive, lateral flow assay has been developed to detect recent use via oral‐fluid testing for Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). This proof‐of‐concept assay uses a fluorescent‐based immunoassay detection of polymeric beads, conjugated to antibodies against native THC. The fluorescent technique allows for significantly lower limits of detection and higher precision determination of recent marijuana use without the use of urine or blood sampling—thus allowing for roadside identification. Detection levels of 0.01 ng/mL were distinguished from background and the lower limit of quantification was determined to approach 1 ng/mL. 相似文献
99.
《Electrophoresis》2017,38(24):3147-3154
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are usually small and cationic biomolecules with broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activities against pathogens. Purifying them from complex samples is essential to study their physiochemical properties. In this work, free‐flow zone electrophoresis (FFZE) was utilized to purify AMPs from yeast fermentation broth. Meanwhile, gel filtration chromatography (GFC) was conducted for comparison. The separation efficiency was evaluated by SDS‐PAGE analysis of the fractions from both methods. Our results demonstrated as follows: (i) FFZE had more than 30‐fold higher processing capacity as compared with GFC; (ii) FFZE could achieve 87% purity and 89% recovery rate while in GFC these parameters were about 93 and 82%, respectively; (iii) the former had ∼2‐fold dilution but the latter had ∼13‐fold dilution. Furthermore, Tricine‐SDS‐PAGE, Native‐PAGE, and gel IEF were carried out to characterize the purified AMPs. We found that two peptides existed as a pair with the molecular mass of ∼5.5 and 7.0 kDa, while the same pI 7.8. These two peptides were proved to have the antimicrobial activity through the standardized agar diffusion method. Therefore, FFZE could be used to continuously purify AMPs with high bioactivity, which will lead to its wide application in the clinical and pharmaceutical fields. 相似文献
100.
Dr. Joshua Britton Prof. Dr. Timothy F. Jamison 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2017,56(30):8823-8827
A rapid and modular continuous flow synthesis of highly functionalized fluorinated pyrazoles and pyrazolines has been developed. Flowing fluorinated amines through sequential reactor coils mediates diazoalkane formation and [3+2] cycloaddition to generate more than 30 azoles in a telescoped fashion. Pyrazole cores are then sequentially modified through additional reactor modules performing N-alkylation and arylation, deprotection, and amidation to install broad molecular diversity in short order. Continuous flow synthesis enables the safe handling of diazoalkanes at elevated temperatures, and the use of aryl alkyne dipolarphiles under catalyst-free conditions. This assembly-line synthesis provides a flexible approach for the synthesis of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, as demonstrated by a four-step, telescoped synthesis of measles therapeutic, AS-136A, in a total residence time of 31.7 min (1.76 g h−1). 相似文献